Table 2 Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of recurrence in the training cohort

Age (years)

0.738 (0.471–1.156)

 < 65

 ≥ 65

Sex

0.966 (0.580–1.609)

 Male

 Female

Hepatitis B surface antigen

2.070 (1.363–3.146)

 Yes

 No

Liver macronodular cirrhosis

1.741 (1.235–2.455)

 None

 Light

 Medium

 Heavy

AFP (ng/mL)

1.712 (1.242–2.361)

 < 200

 ≥ 200

CA19-9 (ng/mL)

1.359 (0.920–2.009)

 < 35

 ≥ 35

AST (IU/L)

1.930 (1.226–3.039)

 < 50

 ≥ 50

ALT (IU/L)

1.516 (1.039–2.213)

 < 50

 ≥ 50

Hemoglobin (g/L)

0.733 (0.472–1.140)

 < 130

 ≥ 130

Albumin (g/dL)

0.819 (0.176–3.812)

 < 35

 ≥ 35

Bilirubin (mg/dL)

1.157 (0.770–1.737)

 < 17.1

 ≥ 17.1

Platelet count (*10³/mm³)

0.610 (0.250–1.490)

 < 80

 ≥ 80

Prothrombin time (INR)

–

 ≤ 0.85

 0.85–1.2

 > 1.2

HBV-DNA copy number (Log)

1.183 (0.863–1.621)

 < 2

 ≥ 2

Bleeding (mL)

2.139 (1.090–4.197)

 < 800

 ≥ 800

Operation time (min)

1.194 (0.769–1.855)

 < 200

 ≥ 200

Portal vein embolization

1.407 (1.000–1.980)

 Yes

 No

Tumor size (cm)

2.175 (1.570–3.012)

 < 5

 ≥ 5

Tumor number

2.324 (1.592–3.392)

 Single

 2–3 lesions

Cancer cell differentiation

0.615 (0.446–0.849)

 Low

 Medium

 High

Tumor thrombus

4.126 (1.856–9.170)

 Yes

 No

MVI

2.291 (1.646–3.189)

 Yes

 No

Surgical procedure

1.108 (0.444–2.764)

 Irregular

 Regular

Tumor encapsulation

0.978 (0.639–1.498)

 Absent

 Incomplete

 Complete

Tumor boundary

2.343 (1.204–4.559)

 Clear

 Unclear